Witness this unique act of self-sacrifice from exactly 450 years ago in 3D.
What French clergyman and statesman Cardinal Richelieu described as “the battle that saved civilization” occurred in 1566 when Nikola Šubić Zrinski (Hungarian: Zrínyi Miklós), former Ban of Croatia, and the invading Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent both fought their last battle in Szigetvár (Sziget Castle), Hungary.
Around 150,000 Turkish soldiers attacked the 2,300 Hungarian / Croatian / Serbian defenders in the casle, and the siege ended with a last heoric breakout from the castle by Zrínyi and his men, who took around 20,000 attackers with them to the other side.
Now, thanks to ekho, here’s how it all might have looked in 3D(!) based on a painting by Johann Peter Krafft (1825):
Similarly to today’s arrangement, wealthy Egyptians had spacious estates with comfortable houses, while the poor were shut away in ghettos. The former’s houses had high ceilings with pillars, barred windows, tiled floors, painted walls, and stair cases leading up to the flat roofs where one could overlook the estate. There would be pools and gardens, servant’s quarters, wells, granaries, stables, and a small shrine for worship.
The wealthy lived in the countryside or on the outskirts of a town. Homes were arranged around an inner courtyard or on one side of a corridor. There would be reception rooms and private quarters. The entrance was set in the wall facing the street and the windows were set high up in the walls of the upper story. They would be covered with shutters or mats to keep out heat, dust and insects.
Homes often had a bathroom with a toilet, which could be either a toilet stool with a hole in it, or a seat made of limestone. A room set aside for a bath had a slab of stone in a corner for standing on or lying on while a servant doused them with water.
Just like today, poor people lived in cramped quarters often as small as one room where an entire family lived out their lives. Here’s how the home of a typical worker or farmer looked like:
New Amsterdam, the capital of New Netherland, and how it became New York.
In the 17th century, the Dutch established New Amsterdam, pronounced “Nieuw Amsterdam,” at the southern end of Manhattan Island. It functioned as the center of colonial government for New Netherland. Initially, a trading factory was established which eventually led to the creation of a settlement around Fort Amsterdam.
The fort was located at the strategic southern tip of Manhattan island and was meant to defend the fur trade operations of the Dutch West India Company in the North River (Hudson River).
The Castello Plan, a 1660 map of New Amsterdam (the top right corner is roughly north). The fort gave The Battery (in present-day Manhattan) its name, the large street going from the fort past the wall became Broadway, and the city wall (right) gave Wall Street its name.
By 1664, the population of New Netherland had risen to almost 9,000 people, 2,500 of whom lived in New Amsterdam. Then the city suddenly turned into New York overnight. It was renamed New York on September 8, 1664, in honor of the then Duke of York (later James II of England), in whose name the English had captured it.
In 1667 the Dutch gave up their claim to the town and the rest of the colony, in exchange for control of the Spice Islands. Was it a good deal? Well, possibly, but what spices? And why is that man hanging in the middle of the picture below?
Here is how New York City looked before the arrival of mechanical dryers. By the way, Wikipedia sheds light on an interesting social controversy related to this issue:
“When these machines were first introduced, only well-to-do families could afford them and they became associated with affluence. Interestingly, however, now that most people can afford a mechanical dryer, clothes lines have become associated with a ‘home-town’ character in neighborhoods because they are indicative of a low-crime area. (Outdoor clothes lines may be used less frequently in high-crime areas because of the risk of clothes being stolen – a worldwide phenomenon.) Also, environmental concerns and higher energy prices have created a new generation of clothes line advocates. Still, the old association with poverty persists in some people’s minds.”
Our last post in the trinity: apparently, there are assumptions of this sort too (check below image):
According to the Holy Prepuce, we know from a variety of sources that Jesus was small in stature; this in a time when the average male measured 5’1” and weighed 110 pounds.
The first century historian Josephus reports him being approximately 3 cubits tall (4 feet 6 inches).
The Gospel of Luke (19:3) describes Zaccheus’ attempt to see Jesus while he preached in a crowd: “And he sought to see Jesus who he was; and he could not for the crowd, because he was low of stature.” Luke may be referring to Zaccheus rather than Jesus, but the idea that Jesus was slight can be seen again in the Acts of John v. 90: “…I was afraid and cried out, and he, turning about, appeared as a man of small stature…”
The Qur’an records Jesus’s diminutive size in the story of the the night that the prophet Muhammad flies to Jerusalem on a winged horse to visit the prophets Abraham, Moses and Jesus; Jesus was the smaller of the three.
I’ve stumbled upon this on the Internet and then got into the topic deeper:
As Moco-Choco puts it so well, for the dominant image of Jesus as a white person, or indeed the archetypical ‘whitey’, we have to blame those Renaissance era master artists – Da Vinci, Raphael, Michelangelo and his ilk. True to their artistic loyalties, they painted Jesus like a handsome Greek or Italian man. It helped that it became easily identifiable for followers of Christianity in Europe. In the age of the Crusades, the Church was better off not reminding people they were praying to a little, brown Jew.
Similarly, many African and Arab Christians painted Jesus with dark skin and bushy mop, or painters from Far East or Hispanic regions added local racial features – something which immediately invokes easier association.
“The influences of the artists’ cultures and traditions can be profound”, observes Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, associate professor of world Christianity at Columbia Theological Seminary in Atlanta. “While Western imagery is dominant, in other parts of the world he is often shown as black, Arab or Hispanic.” And so the fundamental question remains: What did Jesus look like?
Most scholastic texts, however, agree that Jesus was like a ‘common man’, a fellow ‘brother’ to the mankind. So as you can probably guess, Yeshua of Nazareth, the man Christians think of as “Jesus Christ” today, actually looked a lot more Middle Eastern seeing as he was… well… actually Middle Eastern.
A more definite answer has emerged from an exciting new field of science: forensic anthropology. Using methods similar to those police have developed to solve crimes, British scientists, assisted by Israeli archeologists, have re-created what they believe is the most accurate image of the most famous face in human history:
While forensic anthropology – an outgrowth of physical anthropology that uses cultural and archeological data as well as the physical and biological sciences to study different groups of people – is usually used to solve crimes, Richard Neave, a medical artist retired from The University of Manchester in England, realized it also could shed light on the appearance of Jesus. The co-author of Making Faces: Using Forensic And Archaeological Evidence, Neave had, over the past two decades, reconstructed dozens of famous faces, including Philip II of Macedonia, the father of Alexander the Great, and King Midas of Phrygia. If anyone could create an accurate portrait of Jesus, it would be Neave. (You can read in detail about how Neave arrived at these features on Popular Mechanics).
UPDATE: apparently (thanks Jason McNeil for the info) there’s another angle to the story too, as according to The Holy Prepuce, White Jesus could be modeled on Cesare Borgia.
The theory is that people were generally not too enthusiastic about the Catholic Church’s regular massacres of Jews and Muslims, because the people they were killing looked like Jesus. Pope Alexander VI then ordered the destruction of all art depicting a Semitic Jesus and commissioned a number of paintings depicting a Caucasian Jesus. His son, Cardinal Cesare Borgia, was the model for these paintings. Thus, the nastiest of all the Borgias, became the iconic Caucasian Jesus worshipped by Christians today.
This film was shot on April 14, 1906, just four days before the San Francisco earthquake and fire that destroyed over 80% of the city, and to which the negative was nearly lost.. And it has SOUND! (Be sure to also check out the aftermath video below that traces the same route just a few days later!)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2u4J7Dbouo
UPDATE:
Recently discovered footage of San Francisco in the wake of the destructive 1906 earthquake has been made available to the public since I posted the above video. The below 9-minute recording was likely shot by The Miles Brothers, San Francisco’s first movie company, one or two weeks after the 7.9-magnitude quake rocked the city. IT TRACES THE SAME ROUTE featured in the above “A Trip Down Market Street” film that was taken by the same company a few days before the quake. The two films offer a dramatic before-and-after contrast. No smiling faces, no hustle, no playing kinds in the street in the second one…
Workers doing renovations in an Oklahoma City high school recently discovered a series of old blackboards under the presently used ones, covered in writing and drawings that had remained untouched since 1917. It is an amazing time capsule from the past, especially considering that all this was meant to be wiped away.
You find a lesson on pilgrims in every classroom, due to the aligned curriculum. (Source: OKCPS)
This is what California might have looked like from space in 1851
The graves of a Catholic woman and her Protestant husband, The Netherlands, 1888
Billboards on Times Square, 1900
Bulgarian peasants using an elephant to plow land, 1900
This Model T ascended three flights of steps in Duluth, Minnesota, winning its owner a $100 bet, 1910s
Control room of a submarine, 1918
Two cyclists, Vervaeke and Geldhol, smoking cigarettes during the 1920 Tour de France
A federal agent searching a ‘wood truck’ during Prohibition, 1926
Pilot William C. Hopson of the U.S. Mail Service in winter flying clothing ca. 1926
The Le Monocle lesbian nightclub, Paris, 1932
Big chancellor, little chancellor: Hitler and Austrian chancellor Engelbert Dollfuß shortly before the latter’s assassination, Summer 1934
An instructor signals through a porthole to a seaman at the bottom of a 15 foot tank, during submarine crew training at the DSEA Instructional Centre at Portsmouth in 1939
Poster in a London travel agency advising people to book their holidays in spite of the tense situation in Europe, 1939
Crash landing of Grumman F6F Hellcat on flight deck of USS Enterprise, November 1943
German soldier after the Battle of Kursk, Russia. Eastern Front, 1943
Two seconds before execution – Polish resistance members, Warsaw Uprising 1944
Panorama of destroyed Hiroshima after the nuclear detonation in 1945 (click to enlarge)
All of Mahatma Gandhi’s worldly possessions, ca. 1948
Post war reunion of U.S soldier William Best and 19-year old Joseph Guttman, whom he liberated from the Buchenwald concentration camp, New York 1948
Marc Riboud’s photo of Zazou, the Eiffel tower’s painter, Paris, 1953
1955 Huffy-Radiobike. It has a radio! Solves the no earbuds problem
A teenager screaming at an Elvis Presley concert at the Philadelphia Arena on April 6, 1957
Civil rights activist James Zwerg after being beaten by a white mob in Alabama, 1961. (After the beating he had to wait two hours for treatment as no white crew would pick him up)
Doctors in protective clothing during an outbreak of smallpox in Wroclaw, Poland; July 20, 1963
The game goes on in spite of the November, 1965 fire at Silliman Hall on the campus of Northfield Mount Hermon School in Massachusetts. The building burned down to the ground and the game was lost too.
The day Bob Dylan and John Lennon met, 1966
Salvador Dali taking his anteater for a walk in Paris, 1969
Skinheads and hippies in Piccadilly Circus, 1969
The Beatles prepare for their famous crossing of Abbey Road, 1969
US Marine prepares to enter a Vietcong tunnel, 1969
Anton Szandor, founder and arch-priest of the Church of Satan, in 1970
The World Trade Center was taken in December 1998. The famous “Peace on Earth” sculpture was put up during the holiday season every year after the bombing in February 1993 and was located at the entrance to the 5 acre Austin J. Tobin Plaza at Church St between 4 and 5 WTC.
Over 3300 Vietnamese orphans are evacuated and transported by airplanes to the US, 1975
A man uses an American flag to assault civil rights activist, 1976
Patrick Zachmann’s photo of two lovers in Paris during flooding of the Seine, February, 1978
Women protesting the forced Hijab in Iran, days after the 1979 Revolution
Mount St. Helens before and after the 1980 eruption
Onlookers react to the explosion of Challenger, January 28, 1986
106 year old Armenian woman guards her home in southern Armenia in 1990
Participants in the Miss Besieged Sarajevo ’93 beauty pageant line up on stage in front of a packed audience in Sarajevo Saturday. The 13 contenders held a banner reading ‘Don’t Let Them Kill Us’. May 29, 1993
“This CD-ROM can hold more information than all the paper that’s here below me”. Bill Gates, 1994
A Butterfly lands on the face of a resting Bosnian Serb soldier, near the Eastern Herzegovinia town of Konjic, 1995
An overhead view of Atlantis as it sits atop the Mobile Launcher Platform (MLP) before STS-79 in 1996
Rarely Seen “Enchanted” Moments of World History Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, Part 4, Part 5
Rarely Seen “Enchanted” Moments of US History Part 1, Part 2
